HealthMap

Chloroform as a Disinfectant Byproduct

• Classification: Chloroform is classified as a trihalomethane (THM), which is the most common group of disinfectant byproducts found in chlorinated drinking water.
• Formation Process: It is formed unintentionally when chlorine, used for disinfection, chemically reacts with naturally occurring organic matter (such as decaying plant materials, leaves, and algae) present in raw water sources.
• Health Implications: Chronic ingestion or exposure to elevated levels of chloroform in drinking water is associated with potential adverse health effects, including increased risks to the liver, kidneys, and central nervous system, as well as potential carcinogenic risks over long-term exposure.
• Mitigation: Water treatment facilities work to minimize these byproducts through advanced filtration and monitoring techniques designed to reduce organic precursors before the chlorination process takes place.