HealthMap

Bone cancer - connections

Bone cancer ->

• Increases In: Males (Age: below 20; Since: 1973; Measure: incidence)

-> Bone cancer

• Fluoridation - Causes (Polarity: not related; Population: males below 20; Certainty: panel conclusion)

Osteosarcoma - connections

Osteosarcoma ->

• Occurs In: Males (Rate: double; Comparison: females; Study: 1990 fluoride study)

-> Osteosarcoma

• 1990 fluoride study - Reports (Population: rats)

Municipal drinking-water fluoridation - connections

Municipal drinking-water fluoridation ->

• Does Not Differentially Reduce: Tooth decay (Certainty: claimed; Comparison: non-fluoridated municipalities; Degree: as much)
• Increases: Hip fractures (Certainty: claimed; Evidence: research studies)
• Reduces: Tooth decay (Certainty: claimed; Amount: 30%-70%)
• Reduces: Fractures (Certainty: claimed; Condition: osteoporosis)
• Reduces: Tooth decay (Purpose: intended; Population: children)